Appearance of American Red Oak Timber
American red oak timber features sapwood that ranges from white to light brown, contrasting with heartwood that varies from pink to red-brown. Its straight grain and coarse texture create a timeless appeal, although both texture and color can vary by growing region. While similar in appearance to white oak, red oak has smaller rays, resulting in a less pronounced figure. The name “red oak” originates from the red hue of its autumn leaves. The timber is more porous at the end grain compared to white oak, which can affect its performance in certain applications.
Applications of American Red Oak Timber
American red oak is prized for a range of interior uses, including furniture, flooring, cabinetry, joinery, staircases, mouldings, and wall paneling. It is also popular for boat interiors due to its aesthetic appeal and workability. In recent years, thermally modified red oak has become a favored choice for exterior applications such as decking and cladding. Its versatility and availability make it a go-to material for both decorative and practical purposes.
Workability of American Red Oak Timber
American red oak works well with both hand and machine tools. It machines smoothly, takes nails and screws effectively (with pre-boring recommended), and is rated excellent for drilling, planing, and moulding. The timber dries best when seasoned slowly to minimize splitting and warping, and it can be stained and polished to an exquisite finish, making it a favorite among furniture makers and architects.
Durability of American Red Oak Timber
While red oak is a hard and heavy wood with good bending and crushing strength, it has high shrinkage, making it susceptible to movement in uneven moisture conditions. It steam bends well and holds up well in indoor applications. For outdoor use, thermally modified red oak is a suitable option.
Origin and Availability of American Red Oak Timber
American red oak is sourced from native forests across the eastern United States and Canada. It is readily available in Australia through specialist timber suppliers, offered in a range of grades and specifications to meet diverse project requirements.
American red oak's combination of strength, workability, and aesthetic appeal ensures its popularity for a wide array of interior applications, as well as emerging uses in exterior construction. Its abundance and sustainability make it an accessible and reliable choice for professionals and homeowners alike.
Very Low | Low | Medium | High | Very High | |
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Tangential : | 6.60% | ||||
Radial : | 2.80% | ||||
Unit Movement Tangential: | 0.37% | ||||
Unit Movement Radial: | 0.16% |
Very High | High | Reasonably High | Medium High | Medium | Reasonably Low | Low | Very Low | |
Unseasoned: | S1 | S2 | S3 | S4 | S5 | S6 | S7 | S8 |
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Seasoned: | SD1 | SD2 | SD3 | SD4 | SD5 | SD6 | SD7 | SD8 |
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Structural No. 1 | Structural No. 2 | Structural No. 3 | Structural No. 4 | Structural No. 5 | |
Unseasoned: | F8 | F7 | F5 | F5 | |
Seasoned: | F14 | F11 | F8 | F7 | F5 |
Seasoned: | 730kg/m3 |
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Unseasoned: | 980kg/m3 |
Very High | High | Reasonably High | Medium | Low | Very Low | |
Unseasoned: | J1 | J2 | J3 | J4 | J5 | J6 |
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Seasoned: | JD1 | JD2 | JD3 | JD4 | JD5 | JD6 |
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White, yellow, pale straw to light brown | Pink to pink brown | Light to dark red | Brown, chocolate, mottled or streaky | |
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Modulus of Rupture - Unseasoned: | 53 MPa |
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Modulus of Rupture - Seasoned: | 87 MPa |
Modulus of Elasticity - Unseasoned: | 9 GPa |
Modulus of Elasticity - Seasoned: | 12 GPa |
Maximum Crushing Strength - Unseasoned: | 22 MPa |
Maximum Crushing Strength - Seasoned: | 44 MPa |
Impact - Unseasoned: | |
Impact - Seasoned: | |
Toughness - Unseasoned: | |
Toughness - Seasoned: | Medium - 15 - 24 Nm |
Hardness - Unseasoned: | 4.1 |
Hardness - Seasoned: | 5.2 |
Low | Moderate | Reasonably High | High | |
(0 - 5 yrs) | (5 - 15 yrs) | (15 - 25 yrs) | (more than 25 yrs) | |
In-Ground: | ![]() | |||
(0 - 7 yrs) | (7 - 15 yrs) | (15 - 40 yrs) | (More than 40 yrs) | |
Above ground: | ![]() | |||
(0 - 20 yrs, usually < 5) | (21 - 40 yrs) | (41 - 64 yrs) | (More than 60 yrs) | |
Marine Borer Resistance: |
Lyctid Borer Susceptibility: | Susceptible |
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Lyctid Borer Susceptibility - Other: | |
Termite Resistance: | Not Resistant |
Bushfire Resistance: | Not tested |
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